What is toxic shock syndrome (TSS)?
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an illness caused by bacteria (germs) called Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).
Who gets TSS?
Some people who have S. aureus infections get TSS. Women who use vaginal tampons, contraceptive diaphragms or vaginal contraceptive sponges, and women who have recently given birth or had an abortion are most likely to get TSS.
Can TSS be spread from one person to another?
TSS is not spread from one person to another.
What are the symptoms of TSS?
The following are symptoms of TSS:
- A sudden, high fever;
- A sunburn-like rash;
- Peeling of the skin on the palms and soles (bottoms) of the feet 1 to 2 weeks after the illness begins;
- Low blood pressure;
- Problems with three or more of the following organ systems: stomach and intestines; muscles; mucous membranes (lining of the throat, nose, mouth, urethra, rectum, and vagina); kidneys; liver; blood; and central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
How does a person know they have TSS?
A person who has the symptoms of TSS should see a doctor. The doctor will take tests to find out if the patient has S. aureus germs. The doctor will make sure that there are no other germs that would be more likely to cause your symptoms. The patient must have at least four out of the five symptoms listed above.
How soon after a person comes into contact with S. aureus germs will they get TSS?
For most people, it is not known how soon a person will get TSS. For people who have TSS from surgery or a wound, it normally takes two days after a person has come into contact with the germs to get TSS.
What is the treatment for TSS?
A doctor will treat your symptoms or other problems you have from the illness. Doctors will also give antibiotics to treat the infection.
How can I stop from getting TSS?
Women who use vaginal tampons, contraceptive diaphragms or vaginal contraceptive sponges must read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions about how long to leave the products in place. Women who are menstruating and develop a high fever with vomiting and diarrhea should stop using all vaginal tampons right away and call their doctor.
